STEPS FOR EXECUTING THE PROGRAM

STEPS FOR EXECUTING THE PROGRAM

1. Creation of program

Programs should be written in C editor. The file name does not necessarily include extension

C. The default extension is C.

2. Compilation of a program

The source program statements should be translated into object programs which is suitable for execution by the computer. The translation is done after correcting each statement. If there is no error, compilation proceeds and translated program are stored in another file with the same file name with extension “.obj”.

3. Execution of the program

After the compilation the executable object code will be loaded in the computers main memory and the program is executed.

l.9 C CHARACTER SET

Letters	Digits	White Spaces
Capital A to Z	All decimal digits 0 to 9	Blank space
Small a to z		Horizontal tab
		Vertical tab
		New line
		Form feed

Special Characters

,	Comma	&	Ampersand
.	dot	^	Caret
;	Semicolon	*	Asterisk
:	Colon	-	Minus
'	Apostrophe	+	Plus

"	Quotation mark	<	Less than
!	Exclamation mark	>	Greater than
|	Vertical bar	()	Parenthesis left/right
/	Slash	[ ]	Bracket left/right
\	Back slash	{}	Braces left/right
~	Tilde	%	Percent
_	Underscore	#	Number sign or Hash
$	Dollar	=	Equal to
?	Question mark	@	At the rate

5. DELINITERS

Delimiters	Use
: Colon	Useful for label
; Semicolon	Terminates the statement
( ) Parenthesis	Used in expression and function
[ ] Square Bracket	Used for array declaration
{ } Curly Brace	Scope of the statement
# hash	Preprocessor directive
, Comma	Variable separator

5. C KEYWORDS

Auto	Double	Int	Struct
Break	Else	Long	Switch
Case	Enum	Register	Typedef
Char	Extern	Return	Union
Const	Float	Short	Unsigned
Continue	For	Signed	Void
Default	Goto	Sizeof	Volatile
Do	If	Static	while

5. IDENTIFIERS

Identifiers are names of variables, functions, and arrays. They are user-defined names, consisting sequence of letters and digits, with the letter as the first character.

5. CONSTANTS

Values do not change during the execution of the program Types:

1. Numerical constants:

   • Integer constants

These are the sequence of numbers from 0 to 9 without decimal points or fractional part or any other symbols. It requires minimum two bytes and maximum four bytes.

Eg: 10,20, + 30, – 14

• Real constants

It is also known as floating point constants. Eg: 2.5, 5.342

2. Character constants:

   • Single character constants

A character constant is a single character. Characters are also represented with a single digit or a single special symbol or white space enclosed within a pair of single quote marks

Eg: ‘a’, ‘8’, “ ”.

• String constants

String constants are sequence of characters enclosed within double quote marks. Eg: “Hello”, “india”, “444”