Introduction to C Programming
A Simple C Program:
1 : Printing a Line of Text
OUTPUT:
Welcome to C!
-- Used to describe program
2. #include
-- Preprocessor directive
Tells computer to load contents of a certain file
-- allows standard input/output operations
3. int main()
-- C++ programs contain one or more functions, exactly one of which
must be main
- - int means that main "returns" an integer value
- - Braces ({ and }) indicate a block
- - The bodies of all functions must be contained in braces
4. printf( "Welcome to C!\n" );
-- Instructs computer to perform an action
Specifically, prints the string of characters within quotes (“ ”)
- - Entire line called a statement
All statements must end with a semicolon (;)
- - Escape character (\)
Indicates that printf should do something out of the ordinary
\n is the newline character
5. return 0;
-- A way to exit a function
-- return 0, in this case, means that the program terminated normally
-- Right brace }
-- Indicates end of main has been reached
6. Linker
-- When a function is called, linker locates it in the library
-- Inserts it into object program
-- If function name is misspelled, the linker will produce an error because it
will not be able to find function in the library
1 : Printing a Line of Text
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | /* A First program in C */ #include <stdio.h> int main() { printf("Welcome in C!\n); return 0; } |
OUTPUT:
Welcome to C!
- Comments
-- Used to describe program
2. #include
-- Preprocessor directive
Tells computer to load contents of a certain file
--
3. int main()
-- C++ programs contain one or more functions, exactly one of which
must be main
- - int means that main "returns" an integer value
- - Braces ({ and }) indicate a block
- - The bodies of all functions must be contained in braces
4. printf( "Welcome to C!\n" );
-- Instructs computer to perform an action
Specifically, prints the string of characters within quotes (“ ”)
- - Entire line called a statement
All statements must end with a semicolon (;)
- - Escape character (\)
Indicates that printf should do something out of the ordinary
\n is the newline character
5. return 0;
-- A way to exit a function
-- return 0, in this case, means that the program terminated normally
-- Right brace }
-- Indicates end of main has been reached
6. Linker
-- When a function is called, linker locates it in the library
-- Inserts it into object program
-- If function name is misspelled, the linker will produce an error because it
will not be able to find function in the library
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